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Common name: Termite
Scientific Name: Varies
Order: Isoptera
Description:Drywood termites are light yellow to black with
clear to smoky gray wings, about 7/16 inch long. Worker
termites (nymphs),
and are up to 3/8 inch long, wingless, white to grayish with white
to yellowish-brown heads, and soldiers
are similar but with large rectangular darker heads bearing well
developed jaws (mandibles) used to defend the colony.
Habitat, Food Source(s), Damage:
Colonies of this social insect occur in sound, dry wood.
Swarming occurs at dusk or early evening and the swarmers are
attracted to lights. The mated pair starting a colony seeks a
crack and crevice in wood, such as the spaces between wood shingles.
The queen and male (king) produce and tend the first brood.
Afterwards, worker termites care for the queen and male, tend the
brood (eggs and immature forms), gather food, build and maintain the
colony. Termite workers eat cellulose-containing materials
found in plant products, which is digested by a one-celled animal
(Protozoan) living in their digestive system. Workers share
food with the other members of the colony. Tunnels or
galleries which house the colony are produced by workers in dry,
cured wood are clean and free of debris. Tunnels can run
across the grain of the wood. Those reaching the wood surface
end in "kick" holes, where unique fecal pellets are
expelled from the colony and pile up below infested timbers.
These pellets are hard, 1/25 inch long, elongated seed-like
particles with six lengthwise ridges between depressed surfaces.
Soldier termites defend the colony from intruders.
Pest Status: Drywood termites: Termites occur in
Texas coastal counties, with western spot infestations in Uvalde and
San Antonio and north to Collin County, causing a great deal of
concern to homeowners when discovered. Biology differs from the more
common subterranean termite because it does not nest in the ground
and thus requires a different, more expensive treatment approach.
Termites are medically harmless.
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